India, the world’s second-biggest consumer of wheat, saw that its wheat exports surged since the conflict between Russia and Ukraine had commenced and hampered the global wheat trade through the Black Sea grain corridor. India also witnessed soaring prices of the staple in the domestic markets sparked by a lower crop yield owing to a sudden rise in temperatures during the wheat growing season.

The two most important wheat-growing zones in the country are the Ganga-Satluj plains in the northwest and the black soil region of the Deccan which have well-drained fertile loamy and clayey loamy soils. Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Bihar, and Gujarat are the major wheat-producing states of India as they receive ample rainfall every year needed for wheat production.

India’s Wheat Export Restrictions

The Government of India banned the exports of wheat in May and further restricted wheat flour shipments from July, though a few shipments were allowed in order to meet the food security requirements of the countries that requested it. The reason behind restricting Wheat Exports was to ensure domestic availability of wheat due to a surge in global demand since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and to curb the rising domestic prices of the commodity due to a sub-power harvest brought on by a drought that struck major wheat-growing states in the country.

Indian Wheat Exports

The Indian Parliament was informed on 23rdDecember’22 that the country exported 46.56 lakh tonnes of wheat worth USD 1.5 billion during April-October (7 months) during the current fiscal year as against USD 2.12 billion in 2021-22.

In a separate reply, the minister said that 186 exporters have been given permission to export wheat in accordance with the provisions of transitional arrangements under the Foreign Trade Policy, 2015-2020.

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