Attention-deficit disorder (ADD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are common childhood neurodevelopmental disorders that can cause severe disruptions in daily life. Both disorders are marked by persistent inattention and impulsivity. ADHD is not hyperactive like ADD, but it does have a component.
Both disorders typically begin to manifest during childhood. Millions of kids suffer from ADD or ADHD. These disorders can make it difficult for them to learn in school. ADD and ADHD symptoms can begin early but can last into adulthood.
ADD and ADHD sufferers can also struggle to control their behavior and pay attention. It can cause issues at school or work and even low self-esteem.
Symptoms of ADD and ADHD
ADD/ADHD is characterized by several key symptoms. Although most children without ADD or ADHD will experience these symptoms, those with the disorder are likely to experience them more intensely and for a longer period of time. A child must exhibit symptoms for at least 6 months before ADD or ADHD can be diagnosed. Symptoms can include:
- Attention
- Concentration problems
- Boredom can be a common occurrence.
- Your schoolwork and other tasks may not be completed on time.
- Items lost or forgotten
- Trouble listening
- Frequent daydreaming
- Feelings of moodiness
- You have difficulty getting along well with others.
- You can’t resist temptation.
- Impulsivity
- Impatience
- Speaking in front of others is rude.
- Controlling emotions is difficult.
- ADHD is the only condition that causes hyperactivity.
- It is difficult to sit still.
- Constant Talk
ADD/ADHD is classified based on the most prevalent symptoms in a particular person. There are three types of ADD/ADHD:
- Inattentive presentation is the most common type of presentation.
- Predominantly hyperactive-impulsive presentation
- Combination Presentation
Risk factors and causes
The cause of ADD/ADHD is not yet known. It is thought that genetics plays a major role in ADD and ADHD. Other risk factors and causes are:
- Brain injury
- Lead) lead)
- Pregnant women who use alcohol, tobacco, or drugs
- Premature birth
- Low birth weight
Diagnosis
ADD/ADHD is only diagnosed by a clinician who has the necessary expertise. This could be a psychiatrist, pediatrician, or psychologist. It also takes several steps to diagnose. Unlike some medical conditions that can be diagnosed in a single doctor’s visit, ADD/ADHD requires multiple visits. During these appointments, the doctor will collect information on the child’s symptoms, behavior, and environment. The doctor will talk to the child and family to see if the symptoms are related to the dynamics of the family. Between the ages of three and six, children are usually diagnosed.
Managing ADD and ADHD
Stimulant medications, available in different brands, are the most common form of treatment for ADD or ADHD. These medications can be effective in improving a person’s concentration and reducing other symptoms such as hyperactivity or inattention. The downsides of stimulant medications include an increased risk of heart and mental issues. There is also the possibility of dependence. After the medication has worn off, a withdrawal period may occur, causing symptoms such as headaches, weight loss, and sleeping difficulties. Doctors prescribe the lowest dose possible.
These medications can also be used to treat ADD or ADHD. It can take some time for these medications to produce the desired effects. Psychotherapy and psychosocial interventions are also effective treatments for ADD and ADHD.
Next Steps
Even if symptoms persist into adulthood, they can be managed. Speak to your doctor if your child or you have been exhibiting symptoms of ADD or ADHD for a long time.
