Breast cancer is a cancer that is very prevalent in women and in it, the breast cells undergo uncontrollable growth. Let’s get more aware of this disease and know about the types, causes, signs, and treatment of the cancer.
Types of breast cancer –
- Ductal carcinoma – it is one of the most common types of breast cancer which begins in the duct cells.
- Lobular carcinoma – usually affects both the breasts and it starts in the lobules.
- Inflammatory breast cancer – it is of the rare type and the cancerous cells block the lymph nodes which makes the skin red and inflamed.
- Paget’s disease – involves the skin around the nipples.
Causes –
- Some genes such as BRCA1, BRCA2, and CHEK2 can have mutations that can increase the chances of getting breast cancer.
- Having this cancer in the family also increases the risk of the cancer.
- Age also increases the chances of getting breast cancer.
- Exposure to female hormones such as estrogen also leads to uncontrollable proliferation.
- Obesity and alcohol consumption also increase the chances.
- Radiation therapy in the chest for some other cancer such as lung cancer also increases the chances of getting breast cancer.
Symptoms –
- New lump in the breast or the armpits.
- Change of size and shape of breasts.
- Pain in the breast area.
- Swollen and red nipples.
- Discharge other than milk.
Diagnosis –
- A physical examination involves checking the breasts or armpits for lumps.
- Using imaging scans such as mammograms, ultrasound, and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging).
- Blood tests that measure various proteins and fats can also be used to identify the cancer.
- Genetic tests to check for mutations in BRCA and TP53 genes can confirm the cancer.
- HER2 test which is the human epidermal growth receptor is involved in the growth of cancer cells. This test is done to detect the excess of HER2.
- Test for estrogen and progesterone tests can help in detecting breast cancer. Excess of these hormones can signify that the patient has or has an increased chance of breast cancer.
Treatment –
- Surgery – One type of surgery is called mastectomy which involves removal of the complete breast. Double mastectomy means the removal of both breasts. Another type is breast-conserving surgery where only the tumor is removed and some cells surrounding the tumor are removed.
- Chemotherapy – use of medications thatstop the growth of the cancer cells either by killing or shrinking the cells.
Doxilyd is one of the examples of chemotherapy and it is also known by the generic name Doxorubicin hydrochloride. This injection is also used for the treatment of lung, bladder, ovarian, thyroid, and stomach cancer.
The Price of Doxilyd Injection is high therefore Magicine Pharma can be used for buying this medication at a low price as they offer various discounts along with it.
- Radiation therapy – use of high energy beams to kill or shrink the cancer cells.
- Target therapy – use of medications that target the specific factors of cells that promote cancerous cell proliferation. The various types of target therapy are – Monoclonal antibodies which are immune system proteins and these antibodies can attach to the cancer cells. Tyrosine kinase inhibitor blocks the signals that influence cancer growth. PARP inhibitor blocks enzymes that cause DNA repair. CDK inhibitors are also a type that are given with hormone therapy.
- Immunotherapy – use of medications that focus on the immune system and strengthen the immune system to fight the cancerous cells.
- Hormone therapy – is also called endocrine therapy and it stops the growth of the hormone-sensitive tumor cells. Example – Fulvestrant is an Arechar Healthcare medicine that is a selective estrogen receptor degrader. It is often used for the treatment of Breast cancer in post-menopausal women. Fulvant is the brand name of Fulvestrant and it is very effective. The Cost of Fulvestrant Injection is high hence it is advisable to buy it online from Magicine Pharma.
